Channeling-machine



3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

H. O. SERGEANT.

GHANNELING MACHINE.

No. 402,862. Patented May '7, 1889.

Wifizeawew N. s-zrzns. PhoOo-Lnthngnpher. Washington. 04 a (No Model.) I3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H. G. SERGEANT. GHANNELING MACHINE.

' No. 402,862. Patented May 7, 1889.

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z'iizeaaea- N. FETERS. Phnh-Lithognphur. Washington. DC,

Ink/enfar. I

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet3l H. O. SERGEANT.

' GHANNELING MACHINE.

No. 402,862. Patented May "7, 1889.

Ill 77% 3 4 Woe/- N. PEIERS. Phvivljlhognpher. wman m. n. c

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY O. SERGEANT, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE INGERSOLL-SERGEANT ROCK DRILL COMPANY, OF NEV YORK.

CHANNEL-ING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 402,862, dated May '7,1889. Application filed July 5. 1888. gerial No. 279,025. (No model.)

T cbZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY O. SERGEANT,

of the city and county of New York, in the State of New York, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Ohanneling-Machines,

of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to channeling-machines which comprise a horizontaltrack or way and a carriage mounted to run upon said track or way, andon which is secured the rock-drill, which is usually of the percussiontypethat is, in which is embodied a cylinder and a piston reciprocatedrapidly therein and having a drill or hit secured upon its pisr5ton-rod. In such channelingmachine the movable carriage is fed slowlyalong the track or way While blows from the drill orbit are rapidlydelivered upon the rock, and by such means a continuous channel israpidly cut.

In channeling-machines as heretofore constructed suitable gearingactuated by a handcrank has been employed for feeding the carriage alongthe horizontal track or way on which it may slide. One obstacle,however,

to feeding the carriage along the track or way by power, as by a rotaryengine'or other m0- tor, has been that very frequently the drill or bitwill become stuck in the rock, as by entering a seam or crevice, and ifthe feed of the carriage were 10 be continued uninterruptedly breakagewould be liable to occur. When the feed of the carriage is performed byhand, it may of course be instantly stopped if the bit or drill becomesstuck but if a mo- 3 5 tor were employed to drive the gearing wherebythe carriage is moved along the track the feed would usually not bestopped the instant the drill or bit becomes stuck, unless some specialconstruction were adopted to that end. 40 Accordingly I provide forimparting motion from a motor upon the sliding carriage to said carriagea system of gearing which is operated by the motor and which comprisessurfaces held in frictional engagement, and which yield and turn one onanother to avoid breakage by the continued operation of the motor whenthe drill or bit becomes stuck.

The invention will be hereinafter described, and particularly pointedout in the claims. In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is anelevation of a machine embodying my invention, the stationary andportable frame whereon the drill-carriage moves being broken away for aportion of its length in order to reduce the size of the drawing. Fig. 2is a transverse section through the apparatus upon about the planeindicated. by the dotted line 8 s, Fig. 1, though departing somewhatfrom that plane. Fig. 3 is an elevation, partly in section, upon theplane indicated by the dot- 6o ted line x 00, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is avertical sec tion upon the plane indicated by the dotted line y y, Fig.3, of the drill-carriage and the horizontal track or way on which itmoves; and Fig. 5 is a horizontal section upon the plane of the dottedline ,2 2, Fig. 4, through said carriage and the gearing which moveswith it. Figs. 3, 4:, and 5 are upon a larger scale than Figs. 1 and 2.Fig. 6 is an elevation, partly in section; and Fig. 7 is a plan View ofa ma- 7o chine illustrating a modification of my invention.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts, wherever'theyare used in the diiferentfigures. 7 5

I will first describe the example of my invention shown in Figs], 2, 3,4, and 5.

This machine has a stationary frame,which, however, is portable andadapted to be set up in any locality where a channel is to be cut.

The said frame comprises end pieces, A, supported by legs A, which maybe set at various inclinations, and also at differentpositions'lengthwise, in said end pieces, A, so as to support the frameat the desired height above the rock. Between these two end pieces,

A, extends a horizontal portion of the frame, which includes in allcases a track or way upon which a drill-carriage B may slide.

As here represented, the track or way is composed of two parallel bars,0 O, which are arranged at some distance apart one above the other, andwhich extend between headpieces C The bars may be hollow, as shown, andthrough each of them, and also through the head-pieces 0 may extend abolt, 0 whereby the head-pieces and the horizontal bars 0 O are boundtogether. Each of the head-pieces C may have a trunnion or pivot,

c, which is supported in asuitable bearing, a,

in the adjacent end piece, A, of the frame, and consequently thehead-pieces C and the bars C O, which extend between them, may turn asone piece upon the trunnion c, and the drill-carriage B may therefore beswung in a plane transverse to the length of the bars C C, so as topresent the piston-rod D of the drill at any desired angle for cutting achannel either vertically or obliquely.

To the carriage B is secured any ordinary or suitable rock-drilloperating by motive fluid, such as steam or compressed air. This drillincludes the usual drill-back, D, a cylinder,D which is movablelengthwise of the drill-back in order to feed the drill or bit to itswork by afeeding-screw, (nothere shown,) and a piston working within thecylinder D and from which the piston-rod extends. The piston-rod Dcarries the drill or bit whereby the work is performed.

I have described that by swinging the horizontal portion of the frame,which comprises the bars 0 O and the head-pieces 0 upon the trunnions cthe carriage B and the drill secured thereto are swung in a planetransverse to the length of movement of the carriage B; but itis oftendesirable to swing the drill in a plane parallel with the line ofmovement of the carriage B, and I have by my construction affordedprovision for such adjustment. Upon the drill-back D is a hub orprojection, (I, which enters a conical recess or cup, d, formed in theupper part of the carriage B, and is tightly clamped therein by aboltand nut, (1 as is best shown in Fig. 2. I have also shown the bottom orlower end of the drill-back D as provided with clamping-bolts (1extending through it, and the heads of which take into an undercut orrabbeted groove, d, in the lower part of the carriage B.

The undercut or rabbeted groove d is arcshaped, as shown by dotted linesin Figs. 1 and 3, and is concentric with the bolt (P, which forms thecenter on which the drill -back turns. As best shown in Fig. 1, theclampingbolts d are spread apart as far as possible 011 opposite sidesof the piston-rod D, so that a considerable range of movement inopposite directions may be given to the drill-back D upon the carriageB, and said drill-back may still be held by one or other of the bolts (Zto the carriage B.

Upon the carriage B is arranged a motor, E, which in this example of myinvention consists of a small rotary engine, to which motive fluid isadmitted by a pipe, 6, and from which such fluid is exhausted throughthe pipe 6. The shaft 6 of this engine also has, as here represented, ahand-wheel, 6 secured upon it, so that when desired, by taking hold ofthis hand-wheel the feeding of the carriage B may be accomplishedthrough the same gearing or mechanism that the engine or motor operateswhen it is relied on. for the power to feed the carriage.

I will now describe the gearing which in this example of my invention isemployed for feeding the carriage B through the motor E. This gearing ishere represented as including a screw, F, extending parallel with thebars 0 C, which constitute the horizontal way or track on which thecarriage B slides, and which extends between the two heads C of thestationary frame, and upon the carriage B is arranged a nut, F, which isheld against lengthwise movement in the carriage, as best shown in Fig.5. As here represented, this nut has upon its opposite ends gear wheelsor pinions f, with which engage other gear wheels or pinions f f upon ashaft, f which is fitted to bearings f in the carriage B, and upon thesame shaft f and concentric with the wheels f f are bevel-wheels f fwhich are reversed in position, an d with which engages a bevel-pinion,f upon the motorshaft e In the example of my invention here shown themotor E is not intended to be reversed in the direction of its rotation,and hence the gear through which it operates upon the nut F must becapable of being reversed.

I provide upon the shaft f and between the reversed bevel-wheels f f aclutch, f which may be operated by a clutch-lever, f fulcrumed at f andforked to engage the clutch f, as best shown in Fig. 4. The mechanismfor operating this clutch-leverf, I will describe later; but it is movedin one or other direction to shift the clutch f into locking engagementwith one or other of the bevelwheels f f, and, as here represented, itis shifted so as to lock the clutch into engagement with the bevel-wheelf. The wheels f f are both of them loose upon the shaft f, so as to turnindependently thereof; but the wheels f f are both of them secured fastto said shaft, as by keys 0, and the clutchpiece f is also looked to theshaft f by a key or feather, 0, all as best shown in Fig. 5. The wheelsf f, being rotated in reverse directions by the pinions f it will beunderstood that the wheel f or f, whichever is in engagement with theclutch f will impart motion to the clutch and the shaft f in thedirection in which said wheel f or f is moving, and consequently willrotate said shaft f and the wheels f f in one or other direction,according to which of the two wheels f f is in locked engagement withthe clutch-piece f We will suppose that the pinion f 7 is rotated in thedirection indicated by the arrows in Figs. 4 and 5, and it will beunderstood that inasmuch as the wheel f is in engagement with theclutch-piece f the shaft f and the wheels f f will be turned in thedirection indicated by the arrows in Fig. 4, and the wheels f and thenut F will be turned in the direction indicated by the arrows adjacentto said nut in Fig. 4. It will be understood from the above descriptionthat all that is necessary to change the direction of movement of thecarriage B upon the supporting-bars C C is to shift the clutch-piece falready in engagement with one of said wheels f f", into engagement withthe other of said wheels.

It will be understood that, inasmuch as the drill or bit is deliveringblows with great rapidity upon the rock while it is, through the motionof the carriage B, fed slowly in a horizontal direction, a channel ofany desired length will be produced. Very frequently, especially ifrapid work is being done, the drill orbit becomes stuck by entering aseam in the rock, or from some other cause, and it is obvious that ifthe feed of the carriage B were not then stopped breakage might ensue.It is desirable, however, to have the motor E operate continuously, andI therefore provide for such stoppage of the feed while the motorcontinues its operation, by providing at some part of the gear, throughwhich the carriage B is operated, surfaces which engage by friction andwhich yield and turn one on another when an increased resistance to themovement of the carriage B is offered by the drill or bit becomingstuck. Ihave here represented such frictionally-engaging surfaces asupon the wheels f and the nut F, against the ends of which they bear, asbest shown in Fig. 5. The ends of the nut F are turned down, as shown atg in Fig. 5, so as to receive the wheels f upon them, and between thewheels and said nut may be introduced washers g of any suitablematerial, such as vulcanized fiber or other material which will producemore or less friction bytheengagement of the surfaces of the wheels fand the nut F with them. The said wheels f are secured against the endsof the nut by bolts 9 and springs g As here represented, there are fourof these bolts g arranged at equidistant points around the nut, and ateach end of the bolts are nuts 9, beneath which the springs g areplaced. Therefore by tightening the nuts 9* at opposite ends of thesebolts the hold of the wheels f upon the nut F is increased and the boltsare maintained in their uniform position lengthwise of the carriage, sothat they will be accommodated within the inclosed portion of thecarriage, as is shown in Fig. 5. So long as there is only normalresistance opposed to the movement of the carriage B the wheels f remainin fixed position relatively to the nut F and impart to said nut thesame speed of rotation thatthey receive from the wheels f f but whenthere is a greater resistance opposed to the movement of the carriage B,as by the drill becoming stuck in the rock, the wheels f and the nut Fyield relatively to each other, and said wheels turn on the nut withoutimparting motion thereto, and therefore the carriage B remainsstationary until the drill or bit has become freed by rapping it, orotherwise.

The carriage B is constructed, so far as is possible, to shield thegearing through which it is operated. As best shown in Figs. 4 and 5,the front of the carriage is entirely closed, itbeing formed bya web,17. Another web, I), supported by brackets Z2 extends rearward forgearing which is described.

the support of the motor-E, and there are also webs b at the sides ofthe carriage, which receive between them and partly conceal the The websb at opposite sides or ends of the carriage may be formed with hubs 72through which the screw F passes, and which serve to steady the screwand hold the wheels always in engagement with the wheels f f r It willbe understood that the bars 0 C, which constitute the track or way onwhich the carriage B moves, are always of considerable lengthsay tenfeet, or thereabout-and the carriage B, therefore, has a considerablerange of movement upon them. I also preferably provide ineanswhereby'the gearing will automatically be reversed at the end ofthemovement of the carriage in either direction, so that less manualattention to the working of the apparatus is necessary. As hererepresented, the lever f", whereby the clutch f is operated, is held inone 'or other position by a latch, G, with shoulders g on which saidlever engages. When, as is shown in Fig. 3, the left-hand sho ulderengages with the upper end of the lever f, the clutch-piece f 8 is heldin engagement with the wheel f but when the right-hand shoulder g is inengagement with the lever f said clutch is held locked to As hererepresented, the latchthe wheel f. G is pivoted at g, and at itsopposite end moves in aloop orguide, g and thespring g is applied forthrowing the latch downward, so as to engage the lever f h designates atappet-rod, which is freeto slide in bearings h, and is provided withcollars b 72 and with springs h, arranged be tween said collars and theclutch-lever f through which said tappet-rod passes. The collar 71 alsoconstitutes a tappet,which,- when the tappet-rod h is moved in one orother direction, acts upon one or other of two inclines, 9 g with whichthe latch G is provided. Upon the upper bar, 0, are alsoarranged-adjustable collars or shifting ab utments H, which are held inplace upon said bar 0 by set-screws 71 and with which the tappet-rodhengages as the drill-carriage B moves in one or other direction. WVhenthe clutchrpiecef is locked to the wheel f, as here shown, thedrill-carriage B is supposed to be moving in the direction of the arrowthereon in -Fig. 3,- and consequently the end of the tappet-rodh is justabout to strike the stop or abutment H at that end of the machine. Assoon as said rod does strike-the stop or abutment H it is moved towardthe right hand of Fig. 3, thereby compressing the spring h which isbetween I the tappet 71. and the clutch-lever f and as 'soon as thetappet h comes upon the incline g the latch G is lifted by it out ofengagement with the leverf", and the spring hfiwhich has just beencompressed, throws the lever instantly over, so that the latch G isthrown down with its right-hand shoulder, gilocking the end of the leverf and the clutch j" is thereby thrown into and held in engagement withthe wheel f and the carriage B instantly commences to move in a reversedirection to that indicated by the arrow in Fig. 3 and contin ues untilthe tappet-rod h strikes against the stop or abutment H at the oppositeend of the bar 0. It will be understood that by shifting these stops orabutments H to any desired position lengthwise of the bar 0 the carriagemay be moved at each stroke or traverse any distance desired, either oneor two feet, or almost the entire length of the bar 0.

In the example of my invention represented in Figs. 6 and 7 there is nostationary frame; but the track 0 0 consists of rails laid upon theground or any suit-able foundation, and the carriage B of which,consisting simply of a square frame or platform, instead of sliding onthe said ways, is fitted with axles I and wheels I, to roll on the saidtracks. The drillback D is pivoted to a standard, 13*, which is erectedon the carriage close to one side thereof, and the drill-cylinder Dattached thereto, all suhstantiallyin the same manner as described withreference to Figs. 1 and 2. The motor engine E, for producing themovement of the carriage B upon the ways C C, is mounted upon the saidcarriage, and its shaft e is geared with one of the axles I of thecarriage, through an intermediate shaft, J, arranged in bearings on thesaid carriage, transversely to the said axle I and motor-shaft 6 Themotor-shaft e is furnished with an endless screw, 2', which gears with aworm-wheel, t",on the shaft J, and the said shaft is furnished with anendless screw, j, which gears with the worm-wheelj 011 the shaft L. Theworm-wheel t" is not fast upon the shaft J, butis held between twofrictiondisks, 7t; 7a, which are secured to the shaftso as to compel theshaft to turn with them, and between which the worm-wheel t" is clampedby a nut, 73, and spring k with sufficient friction to drive thecarriage until the drill becomes stuck, when the said disks will permitthe slipping of the worm-wheel '6 upon the shaft J. These disks, nut,and spring constitute the equivalent of the frictional mechanismhereinabove described, through which the carriage B, (represented inFigs. 1 and 2,) is driven.

The motor E is represented in Figs. 6 and 7 as furnished with areversing-valve operated by ahandle, 6*, to effect the reversing of themovement of the carriage by hand whenever it is desired to reverse it.

hat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with a horizontal way or track, of a carriage fittedto travel thereon, a rock-drill, a motor for operating the rockdrillsupported by said carriage, another motor mounted upon the carriage, andgearing operated by the last-named motor, for moving the carriage alongsaid way, and comprising surfaces held in automatically-yielddingfrictional engagement with one another, substantially as described,whereby, when the rock-drill becomes stuck, said surfaces will yield,and thus automatically stop the said movement of the carriage,substantially as specified.

2. The combination, with a stationary frame having a horizontal way ortrack, of a screw fixed in the frame and parallel with the said way ortrack, a carriage fitted to slide on the way or track and provided witha nut engaging said screw, a drill, a drill-motor on said carriage,another motor for rotating the nutto move said carriage along, andgearing intermediate of the second-named motor, and said nut comprisingfrictional surfaces having an automatically-yielding frictionalengagement with said nut, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, with a stationary frame comprising a horizontal wayor track, and a screw also parallel with the way, of a drill-carriagefitted to slide on the way, a motor on the drill-carriage, a nut fittingthe screw and held against end movement on the carriage, a gear-wheelheld in frictional engagement with the end of the nut by springpressure,and other gearwheels through which said wheel on the nut is driven fromthe motor, substantially as herein described.

4. The combination, with a stationary frame and its track or way, of adrill-carriage mounted thereon, a screw in the frame parallel with saidtrack or way, and a nut fitting the screw and held against endwisemovement independently of the carriage, the wheels f in frictionalengagement with the ends of the nut, and the bolts and springs forbinding them against the nut, the shaft f and the wheels ff fastthereon, and the reversely-set bevel-wheels f f, loose thereon, theclutch j and its shifting-lever f and the motor having upon its shaftthe bevel-pinion f engaging the wheels f f, substantially as hereindescribed.

HENRY C. SERGEANT.

\Vitnesses:

FREDK. IIAYNEs, HENRY J. MoBRInE.

